Bartlett,
Katharine
Colton, Harold Sellers,
1881-1970
Colton, J. Ferrell
(Joseph Ferrell), 1914-
Renaud, E. B. (Etienne
Bernardeau), 1880-1973
Title:
Katharine Bartlett collection,
Inclusive Dates:
1920-2001
Quantity:
38.3 in. textual material, 4 books, 34 booklets, 4
journal issues, 4 yearbooks, 35 notebooks, 8 3-ring binders, 13 diaries, 1 bound
thesis, 1 box 3x5 index cards, 333 photographic images (180 black & white
prints, 108 color prints, 6 postcards, 14 safety negatives, 23 35mm color
negatives, 2 color slides), 3 photo albums, 3 scrapbooks, 4 paintings, 3
hand-drawn charts, 1 map, 2 CDs, 11 audiocassettes, 1 microcassette, 2 diplomas,
59 tokens, 2 coins, 1 corsage, 1 driver’s license, 1 passport, 4 nametags (11
linear ft.)
Identification:
MS-257
Language:
Material in English
Repository:
Museum of Northern Arizona
3101 N. Fort Valley Rd.
Flagstaff, AZ 86001
928-774-5211 ext. 256 or 269
library@mna.mus.az.us
Biographical Note
George Frederick Bartlett was born in Keokuk, Iowa and spent most of his early life
in Chicago. He moved to Denver around 1900 to work for the Victor American Fuel
Company, a coal company that owned and operated mines in Colorado and New Mexico.
Louise Erina Leedom was a teacher in Milwaukee who spent summers visiting an uncle
in Denver, where she met George Bartlett. They were married in 1906 and had two
daughters, Katharine and Mary Louise.
Katharine Bartlett was born in Denver, Colorado on November 30, 1907. She attended
public schools, and received her AB from the University of Denver with majors in
Anthropology, History, and French in 1929. She received her MA in Anthropology in
1930 from the same institution, with a thesis entitled “A Racial Classification of
College Students.” In June 1930, she traveled to the Museum of Northern Arizona in
Flagstaff, Arizona for a summer position as the Curator of Anthropology. At the end
of the summer, she was invited to stay at the Museum and live with the Coltons, the
founders, which she was happy to do. This began a career with the Museum that
spanned nearly 60 years, and various titles and responsibilities.
From 1930 to 1952, Katharine served as the Curator of Anthropology. She held various
other titles during that time, including Curator of Archaeology and Curator of Art
and Ethnology. She was also heavily involved in archaeological and ethnographic
fieldwork and research, in addition to her curatorial duties of cataloging and
storage of artifact collections.
In 1936, Katharine was chosen as one of six Rockefeller Foundation Museum Internes at
the Brooklyn Museum in Brooklyn, New York for a one year study of museums and their
operation. From September 1936 to September 1937, she visited many museums in the
Eastern United States. The internes also spent six weeks in Europe visiting museums
there, focusing mostly on newer, modern museums. As a capstone project, Katharine
and her fellow internes developed an exhibit on ceramics for the Brooklyn Museum
entitled “The Art and Technique of Ceramics” and co-authored a “Handbook on the Art
and Technique of Ceramics” to accompany the exhibit. After her time in New York,
Katharine returned to her curatorial duties at the Museum of Northern Arizona and
attempted to implement some of the techniques she had learned and observed during
her internship.
At Katharine’s request, in 1953 she became the Curator of Books & Records
(Librarian) and Curator of History, and served in that capacity until 1974. Also in
1953, she moved out of the Colton home and to Sedona. She shared a home with Gene
Field Foster, whom she had met through the Coltons in 1951. The commute to Flagstaff
from Sedona proved to be too much, however, and in 1954 they purchased land in the
Mt. Elden subdivision in northwest Flagstaff. Gene, who had learned carpentry skills
from her father, designed and largely built their home herself. They lived there
together until Gene’s death in 1983.
From 1975 to 1989, Katharine held the position of Senior Librarian at the Museum of
Northern Arizona. She served as a link to the early days of the institution during
this period of transition from founding members to new Museum staff. After her
retirement in 1989, she moved back to Sedona, where she lived until her death.
Katharine passed away at her home in Sedona, Arizona on March 22, 2001 at the age of
93.
Throughout her career at the Museum of Northern Arizona, Katharine was actively
involved with numerous professional associations at the regional, national, and
international level that reflected her research interests and experience. Due to her
contribution to the fields of anthropology and history, she was also recognized with
various prestigious fellowships and awards.
Professional and Scholarly Associations
American Anthropological Association
American Association for the Advancement of Science
American Association for State & Local History
American Association of Museums
American Association of University Women, charter member
Arizona Academy of Science, charter member
Arizona Library Association
Colorado-Wyoming Academy of Science, charter member
Northern Arizona Society of Science and Art
Society for American Archaeology
Special Libraries Association
Western History Association, charter member
Awards and Fellowships
Fellow, American Anthropological Association – 193_
Fellow, Society for American Archaeology – 1935
Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science – 1947
Fellow, Museum of Northern Arizona – 1984
Daughter of the Desert – 1986
Sharlot Hall Award, Sharlot Hall Museum – 1991
Byron Cummings Award, Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society – 1995
Arizona Hall of Fame – 2008
Scope and Content
Collection consists of correspondence, diaries, printed material, financial
documents, photographic material, research notes, manuscripts, scrapbooks, maps,
charts, and audio recordings chronicling Katharine’s life and work from her years as
an undergraduate student until her death. It contains information regarding both her
personal and professional life. The bulk of the collection, however, focuses on her
deep involvement with the Museum of Northern Arizona and her research in the fields
of physical anthropology, archaeology, ethnology, and history within the
Southwestern region of the United States.
The collection contains some culturally sensitive materials, which are restricted.
Please contact the archivist for information about obtaining permission to view
these materials
Conditions Governing Use
Unpublished and published manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to
publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright
holder.
The Museum of Northern Arizona holds the following related archival collections:
Northern Arizona University Cline Library and Special Collections & Archives also
hold many materials pertaining to Northern Arizona’s history and Native American
cultures.
The initial accession #MS-257 was donated directly by Katharine Bartlett. All other
materials came to the collection from various sources through Susan Olberding. More
information about the collection’s custodial history is available upon request.
Alternative Form Available
Northern Arizona University Special Collections & Archives also holds a copy of
the 1976 oral history interview for the Flagstaff Public Library Oral History
Project, including copies of recordings and transcripts:
NAU.OH.28.50 Oral history interview with Katharine Bartlett, May 22, 1976
Preferred Citation
Katharine Bartlett collection, MS-257 [Box Number]. Museum of Northern Arizona.
Flagstaff, Arizona.
Acquisition Information
An initial donation by Katharine Bartlett was received in September 1980 and recorded
as accession #MS-257. The remainder of the collection was donated by Susan Olberding
sometime in 2005-2006 as an accrual to the initial accession.
Processing Information
Processed in September of 2012.
Accruals
No further accruals are expected.
Other Finding Aid
A previous inventory from 2005-2006 is available upon request.
Bibliography
The following manuscripts in this collection have been published and are available in
the Harold S. Colton Memorial Library at the Museum of Northern Arizona.
Articles
Alfred F. Whiting, 1912-1978. Journal of Ethnobiology, vol. 1, no. 1, May
1982, p. 1-5.
Anthropology and the Museum. Southwestern Monuments, Special Report no. 24,
Supplement for July 1938, p. 77-80.
A History of Hopi Pottery. Plateau, vol. 49, no. 3, Winter 1977, p.
2-13.
Hopi Yucca Baskets. Plateau, vol. 21, no. 3, January 1949, p. 34-41.
How the Navajo and Apache Brought About the State of Arizona. Plateau, vol.
15, no. 1, July 1942, p. 14-20.
The Indians of Northern Arizona. Museum Notes, vol. 5, no. 12, June 1933, p.
65-70.
The Museum of Northern Arizona: the first fifty years. Journal of the West,
vol. 17, no. 3, July 1978, p. 120-123.
The 1949 Pecos Conference. El Palacio, vol. 56, no. 10, October 1949, p.
309-312. With Erik K. Reed.
Notes Upon the Routes of Espejo and Farfan to the Mines in the Sixteenth
Century. New Mexico Historical Review, vol. 17, no. 1, January 1942, p.
21-36.
Present Trends in Weaving on the Western Navaho Reservation. Plateau, vol. 23,
no. 1, July 1950, p. 1-6.
The Santa Fe Conference. El Palacio, vol. 53, no. 10, October 1946, p.
269-276.
Stone Artifacts: San Francisco Mountain Region. Museum Notes, vol. 3, no. 6,
December 1930, p. 1-4.
Twenty-five Years of Anthropology. Plateau, vol. 26, no. 1, July 1953, p.
38-60.
Two Female Basket Makers from New Mexico and Arizona. El Palacio, vol. 28, no.
5-9, February-March 1930, p. 57-61.
A Unique Pueblo II Bird Fetish. American Anthropologist, vol. 34, no. 2,
April-June 1932, p. 315-319.
The Utilization of Maize Among the Ancient Pueblos. In Symposium on
Prehistoric Agriculture, University of New Mexico Bulletin, Anthropological
Series, vol. 1, no. 5, October 15, 1936, p. 29-34.
Book Chapters
Contemporary Hopi Pottery. In An Introduction to Hopi Pottery by Francis H.
Harlow and Katharine Bartlett (Flagstaff, AZ: Museum of Northern Arizona, 1978),
p. 16-27.
Mostly Pebbles Along the Little Colorado. In Camera, Spade, and Pen by Marc
and Marnie Gaede (Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press, 1980), p.
90-94.
Forwards
In With a Camera in Old Navaholand by Earle Forrest. Norman, OK: University of
Oklahoma Press, 1970.
In Hopi Bibliography: Comprehensive and Annotated by David Laird. Tucson, AZ:
University of Arizona Press, 1977.
Series consists of correspondence, diaries, printed material, financial
documents, photographic material, works of art, literary productions, legal
documents, scrapbooks, and audio recordings containing personal and
professional biographical information. Includes publications and
correspondence regarding awards and recognition, personal and professional
correspondence, diaries and photographs of personal and professional
activities, as well as records of activities undertaken during World War II.
Also contains audio recordings of oral histories given for various projects,
with transcripts.
Subseries 1.1: Vitae, Bibliography, Biography, Awards, and
Recognition
Consists of biographical information about Katherine, both personal and
professional, including vitae, information about her inclusion in
various “Who’s Who” publications, awards garnered due to her research,
scholarship, and service at the Museum of Northern Arizona, birthday
celebrations, and obituaries and information about her memorial
service.
Contains correspondence from Katharine’s sister, Mary Louise Bartlett
Robinson, detailing her new home and life in New Jersey shortly after
being married. Also contains other miscellaneous correspondence with
professional colleagues regarding conferences, research, papers, and
work at the Museum of Northern Arizona.
Box
Folder
2
3
Correspondence from Mary Louise (Bartlett) and Edwin
Robinson, 1933
Contains diaries kept by Katherine about her personal life and work at
the Museum of Northern Arizona, as well as small spiral-bound memo sized
notebooks containing notes about bill payment, shopping lists, and some
research notes. Also included are three oral history interviews given
about her life and work, one for the Flagstaff Public Library Oral
History Project, one for the Daughters of the Desert Project, and one
regarding her impressions of the “Daughters of the Desert” exhibit on
display at the Museum in 1990.
Box
Folder
2
5
Typed Transcripts of Diary Entries, 1954-1981
2
6
Miscellaneous Notes and Programs, 1928-1951
2
7
Oral History Interview for Flagstaff Public Library Oral
History Project, 1976
Box
Folder
3
1
"A Line A Day" Diary, 1934-1938
3
2
"Daily Reminder" Diary
1954, 1954
3
3
"Daily Reminder" Diary
1955, 1955
3
4
"Daily Reminder" Diary
1956, 1956
3
5
"Daily Reminder" Diary
1957, 1957
3
6
"Daily Reminder" Diary
1958, 1958
3
7
"Daily Reminder" Diary
1959, 1959
3
8
"National Time Line" Diary
1976, 1976
3
9
"National Time Line" Diary
1977, 1977
3
10
"National Time Line" Diary
1978, 1978
3
11
"National Time Line" Diary
1979, 1979
3
12
"National Diary" 1980, 1980
3
13
"National Diary" 1981, 1981
Box
Folder
4
1
Oral History Interview for the Daughters of the Desert
Project, 1985
4
2
Oral History Interview re: the "Daughters of the Desert" Exhibit, 1989
Consists of sales tax tokens and other coins collected during the 1930s.
Also includes records of Katherine’s involvement in the Red Cross and
other wartime organizations, newspaper clippings, and publications
regarding wartime efforts. Publications in this subseries:
American Red Cross First Aid Text-book. Revised ed. Philadelphia:
Blakiston Co., 1941.
A Handbook for Drivers’ Corps Members. Washington, D.C.: United
States Office of Civilian Defense, 1942.
Handbook for Emergencies. Washington, D.C.: Office of Defense and
Civilian Mobilization (Civilian Defense), 1958.
Motorist’s Guide to Gasoline Rationing. Standard of California,
1942.
This Is Our War--- Let’s Read About It. Flagstaff Public Library,
n.d.
Truck-ambulances: Emergency Services. Washington, D.C.: American
National Red Cross, 1941.
Volunteer Special Services: Motor Corps. Washington, D.C.:
American National Red Cross, 1941.
What Can I Do: The Citizen’s Handbook for War. Washington, D.C.:
United States Office of Civilian Defense, 1942.
Box
Folder
4
3
WWII Memorabilia and Community Involvement, 1941-1945
Contains records about Katharine and Gene’s property on Oak Avenue,
pertaining to the City of Flagstaff’s abandonment of a portion of Rim
Drive and Katharine’s subsequent purchase of land from the City.
Consists of images taken of and by Katharine, as well as photographic
prints and paintings collected from other artists. Some images depict
culturally sensitive topics and have been restricted.
Box
Folder
4
6
Photographs of Katharine, n.d., 1992
4
7
Colton Family Photographs, n.d., 1963-1988
4
8
Photographs by Parker Hamilton (Museum of Northern Arizona), 1965-1971
4
9
Native American Craft Displays (Museum of Northern Arizona), ca. 1930s
Box
Folder
5
1
Miscellaneous Landscapes and Scenic Views [1 of 2], n.d.
5
2
Miscellaneous Landscapes and Scenic Views [2 of 2], n.d., 1952
Series includes correspondence, printed material, research and lecture notes,
research papers, and scrapbooks that document Katharine’s undergraduate and
graduate educational career. Contains information regarding classes taken
and involvement in social organizations and activities.
Subseries 2.1: Diplomas, Commencement Programs, and Yearbooks
Contains Katharine’s diplomas from the University of Denver, commencement
ceremony programs for her graduations as well as her sister’s,
certificates of membership for various academic honor societies, and
yearbooks from the University of Denver.
Box
Folder
5
5
University of Denver Diplomas, 1929, 1930
5
6
University of Denver Commencement Programs, 1929, 1930, 1932
5
7
Honor Society Certificates, 1928, 1929
Box
Folder
18
1
"Kynewisbok" – Yearbook of
the University of Denver 1927, 1927
18
2
"Kynewisbok" – Yearbook of
the University of Denver 1929, 1929
18
3
"Kynewisbok" – Yearbook of
the University of Denver 1930, 1930
18
4
"Kynewisbok" – Yearbook of
the University of Denver 1931, 1931
Consists of a scrapbook of some high school friends and activities, but
mainly focused on college events and conferences Katharine attended.
Also included is a directory of Gamma Phi Beta sorority members and a
Gamma Phi Beta songbook.
Box
Folder
5
8
Gamma Phi Beta Sorority Materials, 1930, 1931
Box
Folder
6
1
Scrapbook of Social Activities and Engagements, 1920-1930
Contains Katharine’s thesis and associated research, as well as notes and
papers prepared for anthropology, archaeology, ethnology, geology,
history, art, English, and French undergraduate courses. Also included
are, abstracts, excerpts, and bibliographies noted and created for
courses, and lecture and field notes from the Jemez Cañon archaeological
field school.
Box
Folder
6
2
Master’s Thesis "A Racial
Classification of College Students", 1930
6
3
Thesis Notes and Drafts, 1929-1930
Box
Folder
7
1
Papers Prepared for Anthropology Courses, 1927-1928
7
2
Papers Prepared for Courses in Other Subjects, 1927-1929
7
3
"Medieval Art 1926-1927"
Notebook, 1926-1927
7
4
"Art in America" Notebook, 1927
Box
Folder
8
1
English Composition Notebooks, 1925
8
2
Papers and Research Pertaining to Cranial Analysis, 1929
8
3
Abstracts, Excerpts, and Bibliographies, 1923-1930
8
4
Jemez Cañon Field School, 1928
8
5
Publications of Faculty and Graduate Students – Department of
Anthropology, University of Denver, 1926-1947
8
6
Class Notes – Romance Language, French, ca. 1925-1929
Box
Folder
9
1
Class Notes – Ethnology, ca. 1925-1929
9
2
Class Notes – Anthropology, ca. 1925-1929
9
3
Class Notes – Archaeology, ca. 1925-1929
Box
Folder
19
2
Papers Prepared for Other Subjects – Oversize, ca. 1925-1929
Series includes correspondence, printed material, photographic material,
research notes, manuscripts, maps, charts, and lists pertaining to
Katharine’s professional involvement in the form of original research,
professional meeting attendance, and publications.
Subseries 3.1: Meeting Programs and Papers
Subseries 3.2: Manuscripts
Sub-subseries 3.2.1: Published Manuscripts
Sub-subseries 3.2.2: Unpublished Manuscripts
Subseries 3.3: History of Arizona, Flagstaff, and the Museum of
Northern Arizona
Consists of programs and nametags from annual professional meetings and
conferences, papers presented at those meetings and conferences, and
notes prepared for a talks given on Wupatki National Monument and other
topics.
Box
Folder
9
4
Meeting Programs, 1931-1954
9
5
Synopsis and Paper for Conferences not Attended, 1931, 1934
Contains published and unpublished manuscripts of abstracts, forwards,
book chapters and reviews, journal articles, and newspaper articles. One
manuscript is restricted due to the culturally sensitive nature of the
topic discussed.
Sub-subseries 3.2.1: Published Manuscripts
Sub-subseries 3.2.2: Unpublished Manuscripts
Sub-subseries 3.2.1: Published Manuscripts n.d., 1930-2000
4.1 in. textual material, 4 journal issues, 4 photographic
images (4 black & white prints), 2 hand-drawn charts, 1
map
Contains manuscripts of abstracts, forwards, book chapters and
reviews, and articles that have been published in various
publications. Some of the manuscripts also have a copy of the
publication or photocopy of the article included in the folder. Also
included are copies of published works without a manuscript
copy.
Box
Folder
10
1
Social Science Abstracts, 1931-1932
10
2
Forwards, ca. 1970s
10
3
Book Chapters, 1975-1980
10
4
Book Reviews, n.d., 1949
10
5
"Notes Upon the Routes of
Espejo and Farfan to the Mines in Sixteenth Century", 1942-1976
10
6
"Hopi Yucca Baskets", 1949
10
7
"The Pecos Conference of
1949", 1949
10
8
"Present Trends in Weaving on
the Western Navajo Reservation", 1936-1950
10
9
"Twenty-Five Years of
Anthropology", 1953
10
10
"A History of Hopi
Pottery", 1977
10
11
"The Museum of Northern
Arizona: The First Fifty Years", 1978
10
12
"Alfred F. Whiting,
1912-1978", 1979-1982
10
13
Publications Without Manuscripts, 1946-2000
10
14
Manuscripts With Publications at Museum of Northern
Arizona, n.d., 1930, 1933, 1942, 1944
10
15
Publications Without Manuscripts – Oversize, n.d., 1951, 1978
Box
Folder
MF 3
1
"Present Trends in Weaving on
the Western Navajo Reservation" – Oversize, ca. 1936
Box
Folder
19
3
Publications Without Manuscripts – Oversize, 1949
Sub-subseries 3.2.2: Unpublished Manuscripts n.d., 1941
.7 in. textual material
Consists of manuscripts that were never published, one of which
contains culturally sensitive material and is restricted.
Box
Folder
11
1
"The First Five Years of an
Ethnological Experiment Among the Hopi", n.d.
Includes research done by Katharine about the history of Anglo-American
settlement and habitation of northern Arizona, particularly the
Flagstaff area, and also information on the history of the Museum of
Northern Arizona.
Box
Folder
11
3
History of Northern Arizona and Flagstaff, 1950-1981
11
4
History of the Museum of Northern Arizona, n.d., 1953-1981
Consists of research conducted by Katharine and colleagues about
historical inscriptions found in northern Arizona, mostly photographs
and correspondence. Also includes information about some inscriptions in
the Phoenix area and western New Mexico.
Box
Folder
11
5
The Boston Party [1 of 2] – Notes, n.d., 1953-1961
11
6
The Boston Party [2 of 2] – Correspondence, 1961-1962
Contains research notes on numerous aspects of Southwest archaeology,
prehistory, history, and ethnology. Includes information about stone
tools from the Colorado Plateau, Paleo-Indian occupation of the
Southwest – including paleoclimatology and paleogeology, notes about
Native American tribes in the Southwest from reports published by the
Commission on Indian Affairs in the 19th century, and notes on
ethnographic research among contemporary tribes. Also includes research
notes and correspondence about artifacts brought to the Museum of
Northern Arizona for identification. Contains some culturally sensitive
material, which is restricted.
Box
Folder
12
1
Little Colorado Stone Artifacts, 1932-1978
12
2
Milling Stones of the Flagstaff Area, n.d., 1933
12
3
"Early Man in Southwest,"
Paleoclimatology and Paleogeology, n.d., 1946
12
4
Notes from Reports – Commission on Indian Affairs
(1861-1889), n.d.
12
5
Notes and Correspondence re: Native Americans in the
Southwest, n.d., 1936-1987
12
6
Correspondence re: Particular Artifacts Brought to Museum of
Northern Arizona for Identification, 1949-1958, 1956, 1980
12
7
Restricted Notebook, 1921
RESTRICTED – culturally sensitive material.
Box
Folder
19
4
Notes re: Native Americans in the Southwest – Oversize 1, n.d.
Box
Folder
MF 3
2
Notes re: Native Americans in the Southwest – Oversize 2, n.d.
Consists of research notes in the field of physical anthropology, mainly
in the form of cranial analysis carried out on human remains excavated
from archaeological sites in northern Arizona by Museum of Northern
Arizona staff.
Box
Folder
12
8
Chaco, San Juan, etc., n.d.
12
9
Cibola Branch, Petrified Forest, Hawikuh, n.d.
12
10
Cohonina Branch, 1956
Box
Folder
13
1
Hohokam, Salt River, n.d.
13
2
Kintiel, n.d.
13
3
Las Reyes Branch, Montezuma Castle and Well, n.d., 1946-1948
13
4
Nalakihu (NA358) – Wupatki, 1948
13
5
Prescott Branch, n.d., 1939
13
6
Sinagua Branch – Clear Creek Focus, Chavez Pass, n.d.
13
7
Sinagua Branch – Elden Focus?, Black Falls, n.d.
13
8
Sinagua Branch – Elden, n.d.
13
9
Tusayan Branch, n.d.
13
10
Winona Village and Ridge Ruin, n.d.
13
11
Winslow Branch – Anasazi Focus, n.d.
13
12
Zion National Park, 1931, 1939, 1951-1952
13
13
Miscellaneous Notes on Physical Anthropology, n.d., 1939, 1941, 1959
Consists of correspondence, diaries, printed material, photographic material,
research notes, scrapbooks, charts, and diagrams relating to the year
Katharine spent as a museum interne at the Brooklyn Museum as part of an
internship funded by the Rockefeller Foundation. Lecture notes on museology,
ephemera from museums she visited in the United States and Europe, and
documents and photographs pertaining to the internes’ exhibit “The Art and
Technique of Ceramics” make up a major portion of this series.
Box
Folder
14
2
Correspondence, Travel, 1936-1940
14
3
Information re: Ceramics Exhibition by Internes, ca. 1936-1937
Box
Folder
MF 3
3
Ceramics Exhibition Information – Oversize, ca. 1936-1937
Box
Folder
15
1
Museum of Northern Arizona Scrapbook, 1936
15
2
Diary and Notes from Internship, ca. 1936-1937
15
3
"Museum Internes Special
Problems" Notebook, ca. 1936-1937
15
4
"Museology" Notebook, ca. 1936-1937
15
5
Notes and Materials Used for Internes’ Ceramics Exhibition, ca. 1936-1937
15
6
Museums Visited in the United States, Meetings Attended, ca. 1936-1937
15
7
"Notebook On European Museums Visited,
July 1937", 1937