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Andrew Wallace Papers, SHM MS-13 1700's-2007 (Bulk Dates: 1828-1895)

SHM MS-13

Biographical Note

Andrew "Andy" Wallace is a historian and Professor of History. Professor Wallace focused specifically on military personnel and explorers of the West and Southwest. Wallace was born in Springfield, Illinois, and came with his parents in 1946, to Tucson, where he graduated from the University of Arizona. Professor Wallace served as the Assistant and Associate Editor for the scholarly journal Arizoniana (1962-1964), as well as Assistant Director for Research and Library for the Arizona Pioneers’ Historical Society (1963-1968), later renamed the Arizona Historical Society. He was Professor of History at Northern Arizona University from 1968 to 1997, during which time he conducted most of the research contained in this collection. This research produced numerous scholarly articles and books, including the following:

Professor Wallace focused primarily on the following military people and explorers listed below:

August Valentine Kautz, Brigadier-General, was born in Ispringen, Baden, Austria, on January 5, 1828. He immigrated to the United States with his parents when a small boy, settling in Ohio. He served in the Mexican War as a private in the 1st Ohio Volunteer Regiment and, at the close of the war was appointed cadet at West Point, where he graduated in 1852. He was assigned as 2nd Lieutenant to the 4th Infantry and served in the Pacific Northwest where he was involved in Indian Affairs and the Rogue River War. The defining event in his career was the Civil War. Originally assigned to the Western Theater where he played a role in the capture of Morgan’s Raiders of Indiana and Ohio. Kautz also participated in the First Battle of Deep Bottom, the Wilson-Kautz Raid, and the Petersburg assault, aimed at capturing Richmond, Virginia. After the Civil War, Kautz served on the Military Commission that tried the conspirators in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln (1865).

In October 1874, Kautz arrived at Fort Whipple, Arizona Territory to relieve General George Crook of his command. He served as commander of Fort Whipple from November 2, 1874, to March 12, 1878, at which time he was reassigned to Angel Island off the coast of California. He served there until late 1886. In the same year he was transferred to Fort Niobrara, Nebraska. In April 1891, he was promoted to Brigadier General and placed in command of the Department of the Columbia, in the Pacific Northwest, where he served until his retirement on January 5, 1892. He died in Seattle, Washington, in September 1895.

Captain Lorenzo Sitgreaves (1810-1888) was born in Pennsylvania. He graduated from the United State Military Academy in 1832, and served in the Mexican War. He was cited for gallantry in the Battle of Buena Vista. He conducted the first scientific expedition across the Arizona Territory in 1851, to explore and map the Zuni and Colorado Rivers and to evaluate their navigability. (The Zuni River originates in Cibola County, New Mexico, at the Continental Divide, flows through the Zuni Indian Reservation and joins the Little Colorado River in eastern Arizona.)

Amiel Weeks Whipple (1818-1863), born in Massachusetts, and was an American military engineer and surveyor. He attended Amherst College and West Point, graduating in the class of 1841. In 1853, he led explorations for the first transcontinental railroad route to the Pacific Ocean, near the 35th Parallel. During the Civil War he served under General Irvin McDowell and became Chief Topographical Engineer under General George B. McClellan in the Army of the Potomac. Fort Whipple, in the Arizona Territory, was named in his honor.

Joseph Christmas Ives (1828-1905) was born in New York City and graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1852. As a Lieutenant, he accompanied Whipple as his assistant in the 1853 expedition. From 1857 to 1858, Ives commanded an expedition to explore up the Colorado River from its mouth. He led his party to the South Rim of the Grand Canyon. He then crossed the desert to Fort Defiance, New Mexico (now Arizona). He reported his findings in his 1861, paper titled Report upon the Colorado River of the West.

Balduin Mollhausen(1825-1905) was a German traveler and artist who accompanied Amiel Whipple as his topographer and draughtsman on the 1853, expedition and also Joseph Ives on his 1857-1858, expedition. He produced numerous watercolors of various sites on these expeditions.

Samuel W. Woodhouse (1821-1904), the first naturalist to visit Northern Arizona. He studied medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, graduating in 1847. He was asked to join the 1853, Sitgreaves Expedition down the Zuni and Colorado Rivers. He collected many specimens, including new species of mice and toads, which were later named after him.

Scope and Content

This collection is as much about Andrew Wallace’s work as a researcher and writer as it is about the subjects of his research. It therefore contains much of his correspondence with various libraries, historical societies, and publishing companies, as well as his research notes, colored slides, maps, photocopies of research articles, and drafts of articles and book chapters.

The Kautz diaries cover not only the notable military events of his career, but also everyday life at the various posts where he was stationed. It includes his family life, his relationships with his fellow officers, and his reflections on the Indian tribes and their treatment by the U.S. Government. The diary entries are full of information about local citizens and officers and his relationships with his three wives: the Nisqually woman Tenas Puss (married either 1853 or 1856); Charlotte Tod (married September 1863); and Fannie Markbreit (married November 1872).

Other materials of the collection include microfilm rolls of newspaper clippings about military events in Arizona (including Kautz’s reports), information about the troops at various Arizona forts, and other posts where the general served.

System of Arrangement

Restrictions

Conditions Governing Access

None.

Conditions Governing Use

Unpublished and published manuscripts are protected by copyright. Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository and the copyright holder. The Sharlot Hall Museum may not own copyright to all parts of this collection. It is the responsibility of the user to obtain permission to publish from the owner of the copyright (the institution, the creator of the record, the author or his/her transferees, heirs, legates, or literary executors). The user agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the State of Arizona and the Sharlot Hall Museum - this includes its Board of Trustee officers, employees, outside contractors, and agents from and against all claims made by person asserting that he or she is an owner of copyright.

Controlled Access Terms

Administrative Information

Custodial History

The materials in the Andrew Wallace Papers collection were personally donated to the Sharlot Hall Museum between 2001 and 2012, by Historian and Professor Andrew Wallace. Materials were accessioned August 23, 2001 (accession number 2001.115), June 12, 2008 (accession number 2008.116), July 24, 2008 (accession number 2008.132), March 10, 2010 (accession number 2010.022), July 2, 2010 (accession number 2010.053) and September 26, 2012 (which used accession number 2010.053).

Originally, some of these materials were processed using an antiquated and non-standardized archival arrangement and organization scheme. The scheme used a document box number system and the materials were originally cataloging in Document Box 434. This cataloging scheme was changed when established SAA best practices and standards were introduced into the archives and the whole collection was assigned a new manuscript number – SHM MS-13.

Preferred Citation

Andrew Wallace Papers, SHM MS-13. Sharlot Hall Museum Library & Archives.

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